Analogical thinking uses a known example to explain something new
Analogical thinking is a cognitive process in which one uses a known example or analogy to understand or explain something new or unfamiliar. It involves making comparisons between two or more things and identifying similarities and differences. Analogical thinking is a way to make connections between seemingly unrelated concepts and to generate new insights and ideas.
Analogical thinking can be in problem-solving, decision-making, and creativity. It allows people to leverage their existing knowledge and understanding to make sense of new information. For example, using an analogy of a journey to understand a complex process, or using an example of a machine to understand a biological system.
Epstein notes that it can be employed to help solve wicked problems:
Deep analogical thinking is the practice of recognizing conceptual similarities in multiple domains or scenarios that may seem to have little in common on the surface. It is a powerful tool for solving Wicked problems are difficult or impossible to solve
source: Range – Epstein (2019), ch. 5.
see also: