Systems are identifiable by certain traits

Systems are different from random conglomerations of things in that there because of four key factors that can be identified by the following questions:[1]

A) Can you identify parts?
B) Do the parts affect each other?
C) Do the parts together produce an effect that is different from the effect of each part on its own?
D) Does the effect, the behavior over time, persist in a variety of circumstances?


#systems #systems-thinking

See also:


  1. Thinking in Systems – Meadows (2008), § “Part One: System Structure and Behavior” / “One: The Basics.” ↩︎